How is the annual transformer loss cost calculated?

Annual energy loss of the transformer (P₀ + Pk·x²) × annual hours It is found that iron loss is continuous as long as the transformer is energized. For example, P₀=1.7 kW, Pk=10.5 kW, average load , 8,760 hours, annual loss is approximately 37,900 kWh; at 3.5 TL/kWh, this amounts to approximately 132,600 TL/year.

Annual loss = (P₀ + Pk·x²) × hours · Cost = loss × tariff
Example calculation: P₀=1.7 kW, Pk=10.5 kW, average load, 8,760 hours → (1.7 + 10.5×0.25)×8,760 ≈ 37,900 kWh; 3.5 TL/kWh → ≈ 132,600 TL/year.

Annual Transformer Loss Cost

Calculate the transformer's annual energy loss and cost, taking into account no-load (iron) and load (copper) losses.

Annual energy loss
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Annual cost
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Iron/Copper share
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Notes: Annual loss = (P₀ + Pk·x²) × hours · Cost = loss × tariff. Iron loss is continuous as long as the transformer is energized; copper loss is proportional to the square of the average load. P₀ and Pk are taken from the label; they are only the cost of loss (excluding distribution/tax).
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How is it calculated?

  1. Enter the idle (P₀) and full load (Pk) losses from the label.
  2. Enter the average load (%) and tariff (TL/kWh).
  3. Enter the annual energy hours and press Calculate.

Frequently Asked Questions

How much loss does a transformer cause per year?
Annual loss = (iron loss + copper loss × load²) × operating hours; in a continuously energized transformer, iron loss is continuous for 8,760 hours.
Why is idle (iron) loss important?
Even when the transformer is unloaded, iron loss continuously consumes energy; in low-load transformers, this constitutes a large portion of the annual cost.
How can the cost of losses be reduced?
This is achieved through proper sizing, selection of low-loss (eco-design) transformers, and decommissioning of unnecessary transformers without loads.

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