Annual energy loss of the transformer (P₀ + Pk·x²) × annual hours ile bulunur; demir kaybı trafo enerjili olduğu sürece süreklidir. Örneğin P₀=1,7 kW, Pk=10,5 kW, ortalama %50 yük, 8.760 saat için yıllık ≈ 37.900 kWh; 3,5 TL/kWh ile ≈ 132.600 TL/yıl.
Annual loss = (P₀ + Pk·x²) × hours · Cost = loss × tariff
Example calculation: P₀=1,7 kW, Pk=10,5 kW, ortalama %50 yük, 8.760 saat → (1,7 + 10,5×0,25)×8.760 ≈ 37.900 kWh; 3,5 TL/kWh → ≈ 132.600 TL/yıl.
Annual Transformer Loss Cost
Calculate the transformer's annual energy loss and cost, taking into account no-load (iron) and load (copper) losses.
Annual energy loss
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Annual cost
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Iron/Copper share
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Notes: Annual loss = (P₀ + Pk·x²) × hours · Cost = loss × tariff. Iron loss is continuous as long as the transformer is energized; copper loss is proportional to the square of the average load. P₀ and Pk are taken from the label; they are only the cost of loss (excluding distribution/tax).
How is it calculated?
- Enter the idle (P₀) and full load (Pk) losses from the label.
- Enter the average load (%) and tariff (TL/kWh).
- Enter the annual energy hours and press Calculate.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much loss does a transformer cause per year?
Annual loss = (iron loss + copper loss × load²) × operating hours; in a continuously energized transformer, iron loss is continuous for 8,760 hours.
Why is idle (iron) loss important?
Even when the transformer is unloaded, iron loss continuously consumes energy; in low-load transformers, this constitutes a large portion of the annual cost.
How can the cost of losses be reduced?
This is achieved through proper sizing, selection of low-loss (eco-design) transformers, and decommissioning of unnecessary transformers without loads.
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