Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (UFLPA), yani Uygur Zorla \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 \u00d6nleme Yasas\u0131, ABD’de 23 Aral\u0131k 2021’de imzalanm\u0131\u015f ve temel mekanizmas\u0131 olan ‘\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilir karine’ 21 Haziran 2022’de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Yasa, \u00c7in’in Sincan Uygur \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi’nde (XUAR) tamamen veya k\u0131smen \u00fcretilen mallar\u0131n zorla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ile \u00fcretildi\u011fini varsayar ve bu mallar\u0131n ABD’ye giri\u015fini yasaklar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yasa do\u011frudan T\u00fcrkiye’yi hedef almasa da i\u015fleyi\u015f bi\u00e7imi T\u00fcrk ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131ndan ilgilendirir. UFLPA men\u015fe \u00fclkeye de\u011fil, tedarik zincirinin herhangi bir halkas\u0131na bakar. Yani T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00fcretilip ABD’ye ihra\u00e7 edilen bir \u00fcr\u00fcn, i\u00e7indeki pamuk, polisilikon ya da ba\u015fka bir ara mal\u0131n Sincan k\u00f6kenli olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde yasa\u011f\u0131n kapsam\u0131na girebilir. Mal\u0131n ‘Made in T\u00fcrkiye’ etiketi ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na koruma sa\u011flamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu yaz\u0131, ABD’ye tekstil, g\u00fcne\u015f paneli, elektronik ve otomotiv par\u00e7as\u0131 ihra\u00e7 eden \u00fcreticileri bilgilendirme amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r; hukuki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f veya belgelendirme hizmeti de\u011fildir. Ama\u00e7, yasan\u0131n nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fini ve tedarik zinciri izlenebilirli\u011finin neden kritik h\u00e2le geldi\u011fini nesnel bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131klamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
UFLPA’n\u0131n kalbinde ‘\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilir karine’ vard\u0131r. Bu, CBP’nin bir mal\u0131 incelerken ‘aksi ispatlanana kadar zorla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ile \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir’ varsay\u0131m\u0131yla hareket etmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. \u0130spat y\u00fck\u00fc tamamen ithalat\u00e7\u0131dad\u0131r; mal\u0131n temiz oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek CBP’nin de\u011fil, ithalat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu karineyi \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmek kolay de\u011fildir. CBP, karineye istisna tan\u0131yabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 ko\u015fulun birlikte sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 arar: ithalat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n UFLPA rehberine ve d\u00fczenlemelerine tam olarak uymu\u015f olmas\u0131; CBP’nin bilgi taleplerine eksiksiz ve esasl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde yan\u0131t vermesi; ve mal\u0131n Sincan’da veya bir Kurulu\u015f Listesi firmas\u0131nda tamamen ya da k\u0131smen \u00fcretilmedi\u011finin ‘a\u00e7\u0131k ve ikna edici kan\u0131tla’ (clear and convincing evidence) ortaya konmas\u0131. Bu, ola\u011fan g\u00fcmr\u00fck belgelerinin \u00e7ok \u00f6tesinde bir kan\u0131t e\u015fi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Uygulamada bu, bir mal\u0131n limanda al\u0131konabilece\u011fi (detention) ve ithalat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde t\u00fcm tedarik zincirini belgeleyerek yan\u0131t vermesi gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. Yeterli kan\u0131t sunulamazsa mal ABD’ye giremez; ya iade edilir ya imha edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CBP ve Zorla \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Uygulama G\u00f6rev G\u00fcc\u00fc (FLETF), s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 denetim kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ‘y\u00fcksek \u00f6ncelikli sekt\u00f6rler’ \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Haziran 2022’deki ilk stratejide d\u00f6rt sekt\u00f6r belirlenmi\u015fti: haz\u0131r giyim\/tekstil, pamuk ve pamuk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, silika bazl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler (polisilikon d\u00e2hil, yani g\u00fcne\u015f paneli girdisi) ve domates ile t\u00fcrev \u00fcr\u00fcnleri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kapsam o g\u00fcnden bu yana istikrarl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde geni\u015fledi. Temmuz 2024’te al\u00fcminyum, PVC ve deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri eklendi. 19 A\u011fustos 2025 tarihli strateji g\u00fcncellemesiyle FLETF be\u015f yeni sekt\u00f6r daha ekledi: kostik soda, bak\u0131r, h\u00fcnnap (k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 hurma\/jujube), lityum ve \u00e7elik. Bu geni\u015fleme, yasan\u0131n art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca tekstil ve g\u00fcne\u015f paneline de\u011fil; elektronik, otomotiv, batarya ve in\u015faat girdilerine de fiilen dokundu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d6ncelikli sekt\u00f6rde olmak, incelenme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir; \u00f6ncelikli sekt\u00f6rde olmamak ise muafiyet de\u011fildir. Yasa, Kurulu\u015f Listesi’ndeki bir firmadan gelen veya Sincan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 herhangi bir mala uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yasan\u0131n ikinci aya\u011f\u0131, UFLPA Kurulu\u015f Listesi’dir. Bu liste, zorla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu tespit edilen \u00c7in firmalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Listedeki bir firmadan gelen mal, sekt\u00f6r\u00fc ne olursa olsun ve Sincan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00fcretilmi\u015f olsa bile do\u011frudan karine kapsam\u0131na girer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Liste h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcmektedir. DHS, 31 Temmuz 2026’da 43 yeni firma ekleyerek listeyi 187 kurulu\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131; bu, listedeki firma say\u0131s\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k %30’luk art\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcne kadarki en b\u00fcy\u00fck tek seferlik geni\u015fleme oldu. G\u00fcncellenmi\u015f liste 3 A\u011fustos 2026’da Federal Register’da yay\u0131mland\u0131. Listedeki firmalar tar\u0131m, batarya, elektronik, g\u0131da katk\u0131 maddeleri, ev aletleri, demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metaller, plastik ve tekstil d\u00e2hil geni\u015f bir yelpazeye yay\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu geni\u015fleme, uyum sorumlulu\u011funu ‘bir kerelik kontrol’den ‘s\u00fcrekli izleme’ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bug\u00fcn temiz olan bir tedarik\u00e7i, listeye yeni eklenen bir alt-tedarik\u00e7i nedeniyle yar\u0131n risk kayna\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2line gelebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
UFLPA’da savunman\u0131n temeli tedarik zinciri izlenebilirli\u011fidir. CBP’nin rehberi, ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n tedarik zincirini haritalamas\u0131 ve ham madde tedarik\u00e7ilerine kadar t\u00fcm katmanlar\u0131 bilmesi gerekti\u011fini vurgular. Yaln\u0131zca do\u011frudan tedarik\u00e7iyi tan\u0131mak yeterli de\u011fildir; pamu\u011fun tarlas\u0131na, polisilikonun kuvars oca\u011f\u0131na kadar zincirin izlenebilir olmas\u0131 beklenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu, belgeye dayal\u0131 bir savunmad\u0131r. \u00dcretici; hammadde men\u015fe kay\u0131tlar\u0131, sat\u0131n alma faturalar\u0131, \u00fcretim ve sevkiyat kay\u0131tlar\u0131, tedarik\u00e7i beyanlar\u0131 ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z izlenebilirlik\/analiz kan\u0131tlar\u0131yla zinciri ba\u015ftan sona belgeleyebilmelidir. Bu kay\u0131tlar CBP incelemesi ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce haz\u0131r olmal\u0131d\u0131r; al\u0131koyma sonras\u0131 toplanan kan\u0131tlar \u00e7o\u011fu zaman s\u00fcre bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda yetersiz kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130zlenebilirli\u011fin operasyonel kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, tedarik\u00e7i due diligence s\u00fcrecidir: tedarik\u00e7ilerin ve alt-tedarik\u00e7ilerin Kurulu\u015f Listesi’ne kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenli taranmas\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere men\u015fe ve zorla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yasa\u011f\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n konmas\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek riskli girdiler i\u00e7in alternatif kaynak plan\u0131 bulundurulmas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrk \u00fcreticisi i\u00e7in as\u0131l risk, kendi \u00fclkesinde de\u011fil, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7in men\u015feli ara mal ve hammaddededir. Pamuklu tekstilde Sincan pamu\u011fu, g\u00fcne\u015f panelinde Sincan polisilikonu, elektronikte ve otomotiv par\u00e7as\u0131nda ise batarya, bak\u0131r, al\u00fcminyum veya \u00e7elik gibi girdiler tipik risk noktalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu girdiler T\u00fcrkiye’de i\u015flenip nihai \u00fcr\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fse bile ‘k\u0131smen’ \u00fcretilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r ve karine kapsam\u0131na girebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pratik sonu\u00e7 \u015fudur: ABD pazar\u0131na eri\u015fim, art\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcn kalitesi kadar tedarik zincirinin \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7in men\u015feli girdi kullanan \u00fcreticiler, ya bu girdilerin Sincan ile ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011funu belgeleyebilmeli ya da Sincan d\u0131\u015f\u0131\/\u00c7in d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynaklara y\u00f6nelerek riski ba\u015ftan azaltmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, tekstil ve g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi kadar h\u0131zla geni\u015fleyen elektronik, otomotiv ve in\u015faat girdisi sekt\u00f6rleri i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu yaz\u0131 bilgilendirme ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r ve resmi hukuki dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yerine ge\u00e7mez. G\u00fcncel y\u00fcksek \u00f6ncelikli sekt\u00f6rler, Kurulu\u015f Listesi ve uygulama detaylar\u0131 i\u00e7in daima birincil resmi kaynaklara (cbp.gov ve dhs.gov) ba\u015fvurulmal\u0131; belirli sevkiyatlar i\u00e7in g\u00fcmr\u00fck\/ticaret hukuku uzman\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hay\u0131r. UFLPA men\u015fe \u00fclkeye de\u011fil tedarik zincirine bakar. T\u00fcrkiye gibi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir \u00fclkede \u00fcretilmi\u015f olsa dahi, \u00fcr\u00fcn Sincan’da veya Kurulu\u015f Listesi’ndeki bir firmada ‘tamamen veya k\u0131smen’ \u00fcretilmi\u015f bir girdi i\u00e7eriyorsa \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilir karine kapsam\u0131na girebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CBP karineye istisna tan\u0131madan \u00f6nce \u00fc\u00e7 ko\u015fulu birlikte arar: UFLPA rehberine tam uyum, CBP’nin bilgi taleplerine eksiksiz ve esasl\u0131 yan\u0131t ve mal\u0131n zorla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ile \u00fcretilmedi\u011finin ‘a\u00e7\u0131k ve ikna edici kan\u0131tla’ (clear and convincing evidence) ortaya konmas\u0131. Bu, s\u0131radan men\u015fe belgesinden \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek bir kan\u0131t e\u015fi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130lk d\u00f6rt sekt\u00f6r (Haziran 2022) haz\u0131r giyim, pamuk\/pamuk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, silika bazl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler (polisilikon d\u00e2hil) ve domatesti. Sonras\u0131nda al\u00fcminyum, PVC ve deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri (Temmuz 2024); ard\u0131ndan kostik soda, bak\u0131r, h\u00fcnnap, lityum ve \u00e7elik (19 A\u011fustos 2025 g\u00fcncellemesi) eklendi. \u00d6ncelikli sekt\u00f6rde olmamak muafiyet anlam\u0131na gelmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
DHS’nin 31 Temmuz 2026 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na ve 3 A\u011fustos 2026’da Federal Register’da yay\u0131mlanan g\u00fcncel listeye g\u00f6re listede 187 firma bulunuyor (o tarihte 43 firma eklendi). Liste d\u00fczenli olarak geni\u015fledi\u011fi i\u00e7in tedarik\u00e7i taramas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcreklilik g\u00f6stermesi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Evet, olabilirsiniz. Risk \u00fcretim yerinizden de\u011fil, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00c7in men\u015feli girdilerden kaynaklan\u0131r. Sincan pamu\u011fu, Sincan polisilikonu veya Kurulu\u015f Listesi ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 batarya, bak\u0131r, \u00e7elik gibi girdiler kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, T\u00fcrkiye’de i\u015fleseniz bile \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz ‘k\u0131smen \u00fcretilmi\u015f’ say\u0131larak riske girebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu i\u00e7erik yaln\u0131zca bilgilendirme ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r ve hukuki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da uygunluk de\u011ferlendirmesi niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maz. Kesin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler i\u00e7in ilgili \u00fclkenin g\u00fcncel resm\u00ee kaynaklar\u0131 esas al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" UFLPA requires importers to prove with 'clear and convincing evidence' that goods entering the U.S. were not produced in China's Xinjiang region or by companies on the Entity List. For Turkish producers using Chinese-origin cotton, polysilicon, or other intermediate goods, supply chain traceability is now a prerequisite for access to the U.S. market.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5996,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","slim_seo":{"title":"What is UFLPA? US Import Ban and Guidance for Turkish Manufacturers","description":"The U.S. UFLPA law prohibits the import of goods linked to the Xinjiang region on the basis of 'rebuttable presumption'. High priority sectors, the Entity List, and Turkish"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,116,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kuresel-uyum-ihracat","category-makaleler"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":17,"label":"Haberler"},{"value":116,"label":"K\u00fcresel Uyum & \u0130hracat"},{"value":11,"label":"Makaleler"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/aesinn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/aes-uflpa-2026-1024x1024.png",1024,1024,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"Emre Metin","author_link":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/author\/yonetim\/"},"comment_info":"","category_info":[{"term_id":17,"name":"Haberler","slug":"haberler","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":17,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":50,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":17,"category_count":50,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Haberler","category_nicename":"haberler","category_parent":0},{"term_id":116,"name":"K\u00fcresel Uyum & \u0130hracat","slug":"kuresel-uyum-ihracat","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":116,"taxonomy":"category","description":"T\u00fcrk ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fcresel \u00fcr\u00fcn uygunlu\u011fu ve reg\u00fclasyon rehberleri (AB, UK, ABD, K\u00f6rfez, EAEU\/\u00c7in).","parent":0,"count":22,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":116,"category_count":22,"category_description":"T\u00fcrk ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fcresel \u00fcr\u00fcn uygunlu\u011fu ve reg\u00fclasyon rehberleri (AB, UK, ABD, K\u00f6rfez, EAEU\/\u00c7in).","cat_name":"K\u00fcresel Uyum & \u0130hracat","category_nicename":"kuresel-uyum-ihracat","category_parent":0},{"term_id":11,"name":"Makaleler","slug":"makaleler","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":11,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":41,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":11,"category_count":41,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Makaleler","category_nicename":"makaleler","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5992"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5992\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5997,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5992\/revisions\/5997"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}