{"id":6145,"date":"2026-09-20T18:39:27","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T15:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/muayene-periyodik-kontrol\/mekanik-ekipman-muayeneleri\/iso-10218-ve-iso-ts-15066-endustriyel-robot-ve-isbirlikci-robot-kobot-guvenligi\/"},"modified":"2026-10-24T16:10:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-24T13:10:51","slug":"iso-10218-ve-iso-ts-15066-endustriyel-robot-ve-isbirlikci-robot-kobot-guvenligi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/muayene-periyodik-kontrol\/mekanik-ekipman-muayeneleri\/iso-10218-ve-iso-ts-15066-endustriyel-robot-ve-isbirlikci-robot-kobot-guvenligi\/","title":{"rendered":"ISO 10218 and ISO\/TS 15066: Industrial Robot and Collaborative Robot (Cobot) Safety"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is ISO 10218 and why is it necessary?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ISO 10218 is an international series of standards that defines the basic safety requirements for industrial robots and robotic systems. The high speed, force, and autonomous movement capabilities of robots can create serious mechanical hazards such as unpredictable trajectories, crushing, impact, and entrapment. This series of standards defines how these hazards can be controlled from the design stage onwards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"aes-mevzuat-tr\" data-aes=\"mev-20261024\" style=\"border-left:4px solid #1F4E79;background:#f3f6fa;padding:14px 18px;margin:18px 0 22px 0;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;color:#222;\"><strong>Regulatory status (October 2026):<\/strong> The new system will come into effect on January 20, 2027. <a href=\"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/yeni-makine-emniyeti-yonetmeligi-2023-1230-ab-20-ocak-2027\/\">Machinery Safety Directive (2023\/1230\/EU)<\/a>, The definition of safety components includes physical or digital components, including software. Significant modifications made to physical or digital means after market release that affect safety may subject the person making the modification to manufacturer&#039;s liabilities.<br><span style=\"font-size:13px;color:#555;\">Source: Official Gazette.<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The standard consists of two parts: ISO 10218-1, which covers the requirements for the robot itself, and ISO 10218-2, which covers the integration of the robot within an application\/cell. The first major revision of the series since 2011 was published in February 2025; this revision included a large portion of the requirements for collaborative (cobot) applications within the standard series.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This page aims to provide technical information to Turkish industrialists; it seeks to introduce the fundamental concepts of robot safety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>ISO 10218-1: Safety requirements for robot manufacturers.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>ISO 10218-2: Robot system, application and cell integration requirements.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>2025 revision: First comprehensive update since 2011.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Distinction between ISO 10218-1 and ISO 10218-2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ISO 10218-1 treats the robot as a product and imposes requirements on the robot manufacturer. It specifies how the robot&#039;s drive systems, control architecture, operating modes, emergency stop functions, axis limiting, and safety-related control circuits should be designed. The 2025 version also introduced additional requirements regarding functional safety, aspects of cybersecurity affecting safety, and robot classification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ISO 10218-2, on the other hand, focuses on evaluating the robot not in isolation, but within a real production application. This section defines the robot cell&#039;s environmental protection measures, safety distances, placement of protective equipment, interaction with peripherals (conveyors, molds, presses), and the integrator&#039;s responsibilities. In short, ISO 10218-1 answers the question &quot;Is the robot safe?&quot;, while ISO 10218-2 answers the question &quot;Is the system in which the robot is installed safe?&quot;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This distinction is important because even a robot conforming to ISO 10218-1 can create an unsafe system if incorrectly integrated. Safety is assessed not by the robot itself, but by the application as a whole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>Manufacturer&#039;s responsibility: design safety of the robot (ISO 10218-1)<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Integrator responsibility: cell and application security (ISO 10218-2)<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Security is a feature of the application, not the robot.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ISO\/TS 15066 and Collaborative Work (Cobot)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A collaborative robot (cobot) is a robot designed to share the same workspace with humans without physical barriers. ISO\/TS 15066 has been published as a technical specification complementing the ISO 10218 series for such collaborative applications; it defines acceptable biomechanical limits and design principles in scenarios where human contact is possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The critical point here is that it&#039;s not the robot itself that&#039;s &#039;collaborating,&#039; but the application. The same robot can be used in both safe and dangerous applications, depending on its speed, load, and environment. Therefore, each cobot deployment requires a separate risk assessment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the 2025 ISO 10218 revision, most of the requirements in ISO\/TS 15066 have been incorporated into the standard series. Nevertheless, the collaborative methods and biomechanical approach defined in ISO\/TS 15066 remain a fundamental reference for understanding the subject.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>Kobot can share space with humans without barriers.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Collaboration is a characteristic of the application, not the robot.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>A separate risk assessment is mandatory for each cobot application.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Four Methods of Cooperation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ISO\/TS 15066 and ISO 10218 series define four fundamental methods of collaboration for safe human-robot interaction. These methods can be applied individually or in combination; the choice depends on the outcome of the risk assessment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>Safety-level monitored stop: The robot is safely stopped when it enters the human-interaction area; it restarts when the human leaves the area. The robot and the human do not move simultaneously.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Manual guidance: The operator manually guides the robot via a safety-rated control device; the robot only moves upon the operator&#039;s direct command.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Speed and Separation Monitoring (SSM): Sensors continuously monitor the protective separation distance between humans and robots; as the distance decreases, the robot reduces its speed, and if the boundary is violated, it stops. The goal is to prevent contact altogether.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Force and pressure limitation (PFL): Intentional contact between human and robot is permitted; however, the robot is designed to keep potential contact force and pressure below biomechanical limits that will not cause injury.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Safety Functions and Protective Equipment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Robot safety relies not only on the robot&#039;s software but also on the safety functions surrounding the application. Protective stop functions are essential safety mechanisms that bring the robot to a controlled stop in the event of danger. The reliability of these functions depends on the correct design of the safety-related control systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Physical and sensory protective equipment manages the interaction between the hazardous area and the person. Area scanners (laser scanners) detect human entry into defined warning and stop zones on the ground; light curtains detect the crossing of a plane and trigger a protective stop. The selection and positioning of this equipment must be compatible with calculated safety distances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>Protective and emergency stop functions<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Area-based detection with area (laser) scanners.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Light curtains and plane transition detection<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Equipment placement must be compatible with the calculated safety distance.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risk Assessment and Safety Control Systems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The starting point for robot safety is risk assessment. The ISO 10218 series is implemented in conjunction with ISO 12100, which defines a general methodology for machine safety risk assessment. ISO 12100 provides a systematic framework for identifying hazards, estimating risks, and outlining mitigation measures; hazards specific to robot applications are addressed within this framework.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reliability of the defined safety functions is assessed under EN ISO 13849. This standard defines the performance level (PL) and the required performance level (PLr) for safety-related control systems. The target performance level for each safety function is determined based on the results of the risk assessment, and it is verified that the design meets this target.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It should be emphasized within this framework that the selection of the appropriate method and performance level is a technical decision requiring expert engineering assessment based on the specifics of the application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>ISO 12100: General risk assessment methodology<\/li>\n\n\n<li>EN ISO 13849: Safety control systems and performance level (PL\/PLr)<\/li>\n\n\n<li>The target performance level for each safety function is derived from a risk assessment.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">EU Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023\/1230 and CE Compliance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Robots and robotic machines are products assessed under the EU Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023\/1230 in the EU market. This regulation is the current product safety legislation that replaces the previous Machinery Directive and also covers industrial robots. For a robotic machine to bear the CE mark, it must meet the essential health and safety requirements set out in the regulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The application of harmonized standards provides a presumption of conformity regarding a product&#039;s compliance with relevant legal requirements. In industrial and collaborative robot applications, the EN ISO 10218 series is the fundamental set of standards used to demonstrate this conformity. Therefore, compliance with ISO 10218 forms the technical backbone of the CE conformity process for robots.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The type and method of certification required for CE conformity varies depending on the product&#039;s risk class and the applicable standards; conducting this assessment correctly requires expertise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>Legislation: EU Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023\/1230<\/li>\n\n\n<li>The use of harmonized standards provides a presumption of conformity.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>The EN ISO 10218 series is the technical basis for CE conformity of robots.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Which Sectors Is It Important For?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Industrial and collaborative robots are becoming increasingly common for performing repetitive, heavy, or hazardous tasks while reducing human risk. Robot safety standards apply to every production environment where robots are used. In Turkish industry, areas with particularly intensive robot use stand out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The common denominator in these environments is that robots operate in conjunction with electrical supplies, drive systems, and control panels. Electrical safety is an integral part of the overall safety framework for robotic systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>Automotive suppliers: welding, assembly, and supply lines.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Home appliance manufacturing: assembly and testing stations<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Metal processing: press feeding, machine loading, grinding<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Palletizing and warehouse automation: load handling and stacking.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AES Accreditation Scope<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AES is a Type A electrical inspection body accredited by T\u00dcRKAK. AES&#039;s accreditation scope is limited solely to &#039;6.1 Electrical Installation&#039; inspections. This scope includes inspection activities related to the electrical installations of robotic systems; certification of the mechanical safety compliance of robots or cobots, or assessment of their compliance with robot safety standards, is excluded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Electrical installation safety in robotic manufacturing environments is a critical component of overall workplace safety; however, the content on robot safety standards on this page is part of general technical information and not within the scope of AES&#039;s accreditation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>AES: A T\u00dcRKAK accredited Type A electrical inspection organization.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Accreditation scope: only 6.1 Electrical Installation<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Robot\/cobot mechanical safety certification is outside the scope.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Information Note<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AES is NOT a Notified Body or certification body; it does NOT issue CE or ISO 10218 conformity certificates for robots\/cobots.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This content is for informational purposes only and is subject to a qualified engineer&#039;s technical assessment. A final decision regarding the safety of a robotic system requires an application-specific risk assessment and a qualified engineer&#039;s review.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related Services<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/muayene-periyodik-kontrol\/mekanik-ekipman-muayeneleri\/makine-ce-uygunlugu-risk-degerlendirmesi-ve-teknik-dosya-danismanligi\/\">Machine CE Conformity and Risk Assessment<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/is-guvenligi\/makine-emniyeti-elektrik-ekipmanlari-denetimi\/\">Machine Safety Electrical Equipment Inspection<\/a><\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is the difference between ISO 10218-1 and ISO 10218-2?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ISO 10218-1 defines the safety requirements for the robot itself and addresses the robot manufacturer. ISO 10218-2 covers the requirements for the integration of the robot within an application or cell and addresses the integrator. In short, one addresses the safety of the robot, the other the safety of the robotic system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is ISO\/TS 15066 still valid?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ISO\/TS 15066 is a technical specification that defines the biomechanical limits and design principles for collaborative (cobot) applications. With the ISO 10218 revision published in February 2025, many of these requirements have been incorporated into the standard series; however, it remains a fundamental reference for understanding the subject.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the four methods of cooperation?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Safety-grade monitoring (SGPM), manual guidance, speed and discrimination monitoring (SSM), and force and power limitation (PFL) are some of the methods used. SGPM aims to prevent contact altogether, while PFL focuses on keeping potential contact below biomechanical limits that will not cause injury. These methods can be applied individually or in combination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Are Kobot safety standards mandatory for robots to obtain the CE mark?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Robotic machinery falls under the scope of the EU Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023\/1230, and the CE mark is based on meeting essential health and safety requirements. Since the application of the harmonized standard EN ISO 10218 series provides a presumption of conformity, these standards form the technical basis of the CE conformity process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can AES issue safety certificates for robots or cobots?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No. AES is not a Notified Body or certification body and does not issue CE or ISO 10218 conformity certificates for robots\/cobots. AES&#039;s T\u00dcRKAK accreditation is limited only to 6.1 Electrical Installation inspections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why is risk assessment necessary for robot safety?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A robot&#039;s &#039;collaborative&#039; nature alone does not guarantee safety; safety depends on the overall application. A risk assessment conducted using the ISO 12100 methodology determines which collaboration method and which safety performance level (EN ISO 13849) is required. This is an application-specific process requiring expert engineering assessment.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This information sheet explains the scope, collaboration methods, and regulatory framework of the ISO 10218-1, ISO 10218-2, and ISO\/TS 15066 standards, which form the basis of industrial robot and collaborative robot (cobot) safety.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6150,"parent":4099,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","slim_seo":{"title":"ISO 10218 and ISO\/TS 15066 Robot Safety | AES","description":"Information on ISO 10218-1\/-2 industrial robot and ISO\/TS 15066 cobot safety, four cooperation methods (SSM, PFL), risk assessment, and CE compliance."},"_pplb_hide_from_list":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6145","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/aesinn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/iso10218-aes-kart-1024x1024.png",1024,1024,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"Emre Metin","author_link":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/author\/yonetim\/"},"comment_info":"","_hostinger_reach_plugin_has_subscription_block":false,"_hostinger_reach_plugin_is_elementor":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6145"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6461,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6145\/revisions\/6461"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6150"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aesinn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}